Churches in the Netherlands are gaining more and more attention to sustainability. The impact seems greater than initiatives in the second half of the last century, when environmental problems in society emerged. Measures are now being taken to save energy or to strengthen biodiversity. But greening is about all of creation, or social and ecological justice; both are closely intertwined. Those who as a church make policy on this can count on more support and activities in the faith community than churches that do not. It should be noted however that Catholic parishes and Protestant congregations differ greatly in this regard.

With the 2021 Act on Clarification of Citizenship Education, the Dutch legislator wanted to regain control over citizenship education, which was first introduced in 2005. However, the application of the now mandatory citizenship education has not become any clearer: the regulations are extensive but above all complex, and the schools are charged with developing and teaching a multi-dimensional and hyper-­sensitive subject

This contribution analyses the case law of the Court of Justice of the EU on equal treatment based on religion in the private workplace. The Court’s case law in this area demonstrates a meta-management of the place of religion in the national public domain of the Member States. This case law is [in essence not compatible with] is not in accordance with the spirit of [the space that Member States are entitled to on the basis of] Article 17 of the TFEU that respects the Member States’ church and state relationships. It asserts that dealing with religious pluralism in society is primarily a matter for the Member States. The contribution advocates a thorough revision of the case law discussed.

This article examines how Immanuel Kant developed his ideas about a pure and moral religion of reason in direct opposition to Judaism. His writings on Judaism showcase Kant’s ideas about the problematic or dangerous properties of religion and how religious difference was used to delineate a European civilizational identity. An understanding of these aspects of Kant’s work on religion can provide a critical lens to examine contemporary discourses and policies on religious difference.